Ib, Cov Risks thiab Spectral Properties ntawm LED Cog Loj hlob Teeb hauv Photobiology
1. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov spectrum thiab cov kev cai ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Cov nroj tsuag siv lub teeb liab (600–700nm) thiab lub teeb xiav (400–500nm) los ua zaub mov los ntawm photosynthesis. Cryptochrome nyob rau hauv xiav lub teeb tswj kev loj hlob ntawm stems thiab nplooj, thaum photosensitive pigments nyob rau hauv lub teeb liab pab cov nroj tsuag blossom thiab dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Qhov piv ntawm liab rau xiav lub teeb hauv kev tshaj lijLED cog kev loj hlob teebyog ib txwm nyob nruab nrab ntawm 4:1 thiab 9:1. Qhov no yog los luam li cas cov nroj tsuag ua kom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lub teeb ntuj. Piv txwv li, thaum loj hlob lettuce, siv ib qho piv txwv ntawm 3: 1 ntawm liab rau xiav lub teeb nce tus nqi ntawm chlorophyll los ntawm 22% piv rau kev siv ib lub xim ntawm lub teeb.
2. Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm lub teeb xiav tsis zoo
LED cog kev loj hlob teeb muaj lub teeb xiav xiav (450–470 nm), uas yog ib hom siab -lub zog luv yoj lub teeb. Muaj ob lub laj thawj tseem ceeb vim li cas nws txaus ntshai:
Lub teeb xiav muaj lub wavelength luv dua li lwm yam xim, uas txhais tau tias nws tuaj yeem ntws los ntawm lub cornea thiab lens ncaj qha mus rau retina. Lub sij hawm ntev - kis tau tuaj yeem ua rau cov kab mob retina pigment epithelial thiab ua rau macular degeneration ntau dua.
Kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev lom neeg lub cev: Lub teeb xiav inhibits melatonin secretion, thiab nws siv thaum hmo ntuj tuaj yeem ua rau pw tsaug zog tsis zoo, muaj feem cuam tshuam rau lub qhov muag. Kev tshawb fawb qhia tau hais tias nyob hauv chav nrog 2000 lx ntawm lub teeb xiav rau ib teev tsaus ntuj txo qis melatonin secretion los ntawm 50% piv rau hauv chav tsaus.
2, Cov qauv txheej txheem thiab kev tswj hwm kev pheej hmoo: txhais tau tias los tiv thaiv cov qauv kev lag luam
1. Cov cai tswj kev nyab xeeb uas siv rau txhua tus neeg thoob ntiaj teb
IEC 62471 tus qauv yog tus qauv kev nyab xeeb photobiological uas International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) tau tsim. Nws muab cov kev phom sij ntawm cov teeb pom kev zoo rau hauv plaub pawg: kev zam, qeb 1, qeb 2, thiab qeb 3. Feem ntau cov teeb pom kev loj hlob ntawm LED yog nyob rau hauv qeb 1 (tseem ceeb) lossis tsis them tag nrho. Cov lus qhia no siv tej yam xws li irradiance thiab ci ntsa iab los txwv ntev npaum li cas tib neeg tuaj yeem nyob ib puag ncig xiav teeb txaus ntshai.
GB / T 32655-2016 tus qauv hais tias: "Cov ntsiab lus thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm LED Teeb pom kev zoo rau cog kev loj hlob" los ntawm Tuam Tshoj ua kom pom tseeb tias cov teeb pom kev loj hlob yuav tsum ua tau raws li GB / T 20145 tus qauv rau kev nyab xeeb lub teeb xiav. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias irradiance nyob rau hauv 400-500nm band tsis tuaj yeem siab dua 100W / m² (Class 1 qhov kev txwv tsawg).
2. Tswj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm
Tsim kom muaj kev txhim kho spectral: Feem ntau cov tuam txhab lag luam txiav cov teeb xiav los ntawm kev kho qhov piv ntawm lub teeb liab rau xiav. Piv txwv li, ib lub tuam txhab tag nrho spectrum cog teeb muaj xim liab rau xiav lub teeb piv ntawm 6: 1. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias lub teeb xiav yog 40% tsawg dua qhov koj yuav pom hauv feem ntau lub teeb xiav xiav. Nws kuj ntxiv lub teeb ntsuab (500–600nm) kom txo qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub teeb xiav.
Txoj hauv kev ua kom koj tus kheej muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub cev: Siv cov phaj diffusion lossis cov qauv prism kom nthuav tawm lub teeb thiab txo cov teeb pom kev ncaj qha. Cov kev ntsuam xyuas tau pom tias kev txhim kho lub phaj diffuser ntawm lub teeb lub ntsej muag txiav cov xim xiav lub teeb nws muab tawm ntawm 120W / m² txog 35W / m², uas yog qis dua qib uas yuav tsum tau zam.
3, Kev ntsuas kev pheej hmoo tiag tiag: cov xwm txheej sib txawv 'kev txwv ntawm qhov raug
1. Ib daim duab ntawm ib tug neeg ua teb hauv tsev
IEC 62471 tus qauv hais tias cov neeg siv cov teeb pom kev loj hlob hauv tsev tsuas yog siv 8 mus rau 12 teev hauv ib hnub. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv qab qib 1 txaus ntshai ntawm 8 teev ntawm kev raug mob tas mus li.
Kev tswj qhov deb: Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom ncua lub teeb 30 mus rau 60 cm ntawm hauv av vim tias lub teeb xiav uas kov lub qhov muag yog qis dua qhov kev txwv kev nyab xeeb. Piv txwv li, lub teeb xiav irradiance ntawm 60W LED cog lub teeb tsuas yog 18W / m² ntawm qhov deb ntawm 50cm, uas tsuas yog 18% ntawm Qib 1 kev pheej hmoo.
2. Kev cog qoob loo ua lag luam
Txhawm rau kom cov neeg ua haujlwm muaj kev nyab xeeb, cov kev lag luam cog qoob loo loj yuav tsum muaj teeb pom kev tsawg kawg yog 1.5m siab thiab siv los tiv thaiv - tsom iav xiav (450nm wavelength nrog lub teeb xa hluav taws xob ntawm<30%). The ground blue light irradiance must be less than 10W/m². Use a smart system to control the "light dark" cycle so that those who work at night don't have to work in blue light. One vertical farm, for example, features a 16-hour light/8-hour dark mode that automatically switches to a dim blue light safety mode when maintenance is done at night.
4, Kev tswj hwm kev pheej hmoo thiab kev tiv thaiv zoo: cov lus teb tag nrho uas suav nrog kev siv thev naus laus zis thiab kev coj cwj pwm
1. Kev siv tshuab tau zoo npaum li cas
Dynamic Spectral Adjustment: Ua ib lub kaw lus uas hloov pauv qhov ntau ntawm lub teeb xiav hauv spectrum raws li cov nroj tsuag loj hlob li cas. Nws yuav tsum nce mus rau 40% thaum lub sij hawm vegetative loj hlob theem thiab poob mus rau 25% thaum lub sij hawm kev loj hlob theem. Koj yuav tsum tau siv cov sensors saib seb lub teeb nyob hauv chav npaum li cas thiab hloov lub teeb xiav qhov chaw tau txais.
Hom kev tiv thaiv koj ob lub qhov muag: Thaum lub teeb pom kev infrared pom tib neeg nyob ze, nws tam sim ntawd hloov mus rau lub teeb xiav xiav (xiav lub teeb piv).<15%) or decreases the light intensity to a safe level.
2. Cov cai rau cov neeg siv yuav tsum ua li cas
Khaws koj qhov kev ncua deb: Raws li "30-60cm txoj cai," lub teeb yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg 30 cm deb ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab 60 cm deb ntawm tus neeg teb xov tooj lub qhov muag.
Kev tswj lub sijhawm: Tsis txhob siv sijhawm ntau dhau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj nrog lub teeb ci. Tom qab siv lawv rau ob teev ncaj, so 15 feeb. Cov menyuam yaus thiab cov poj niam cev xeeb tub yuav tsum tsis txhob raug mob ntev li niaj zaus.
Cov iav kev nyab xeeb: Cov neeg uas ua haujlwm hauv qhov chaw txaus ntshai, xws li debugging ib tsob nroj tsim, yuav tsum hnav tiv thaiv - tsom iav xiav uas ua tau raws li EN 166 cov qauv thiab cia tsawg dua 5% ntawm lub teeb los ntawm 450nm band.
3. Cov tswv yim rau cov cai hauv kev lag luam
Daim ntawv pov thawj xav tau: Txhawb kom siv lub logo "qhov muag kev nyab xeeb" daim ntawv pov thawj, uas qhia tias cov khoom yuav tsum xeem dhau IEC 62471 thiab muaj kev pheej hmoo meej.
Ua cov cai hais txog kev siv cov khoom siv li cas: Sau "Kev Nyab Xeeb Kev Siv Tshwj Xeeb rau LED Cog Loj Hlob Teeb" kom pom tseeb tias qhov teeb pom kev siab siab npaum li cas, lawv yuav tsum nyob ntev npaum li cas, thiab yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo li cas hauv qee yam xwm txheej.
